JKR recently revealed on her website that the “core of the core of the Elder Wand is the tail hair of a Thestral; a powerful and tricky substance that can be mastered only by a witch or wizard capable of facing death.”
The Elder Wand’s first owner was Antioch Peverell, one of the three Peverell brothers described in “The Tale of the Three Brothers” in The Tales of Beedle the Bard. Each of the Peverell brothers possessed one of the Deathly Hallows. Cadmus Peverell owned the Resurrection Stone, and Ignotus Peverell, Harry’s ancestor, owned the Cloak of Invisibility. “The Tale of the Three Brothers” contains the common motif of the rule of three (for example, “The Three Little Pigs,” “Three Billy Goats Gruff”). In these stories, either all three beings outwit some stronger force (as the billy goats gruff outwit the troll under the bridge), or one cunning being outwits the stronger force while the other two unwise beings do not (as two of the pigs build their houses out of insubstantial materials and are defeated by the wolf, while the third wise pig builds his house out of bricks and defeats the wolf).
In “The Tale of the Three Brothers,” the Peverell brothers each cross a bridge they create over a treacherous river that usually kills travelers who try to cross it. Feeling cheated, Death offers the brothers prizes to acknowledge their defeat of him (407). He creates the Deathly Hallows at this time.
The Elder Wand was created by Death from an elder tree on the banks of the river the three brothers crossed (407). No Thestral is described as being present, but the lack of a visible Thestral could be explained several ways. First, perhaps none of the three brothers had seen death. True, Cadmus Peverell had lost the woman he loved and used the Resurrection Stone to bring her back, but the story does not say he saw her die, which is a prerequisite for seeing Thestrals. As Thestrals are closely associated with death, it makes sense that Death himself might ride one or keep one or more of them close by. A second explanation could be that though no Thestrals were present, Death carried Thestral tail hairs for some purpose and happened to have one to put in the core of the Elder Wand when he created it.
Xenophilius Lovegood tells the trio that the Elder Wand has been the most easily traced of the three Hallows because of the way in which it must be passed down: “[T]he possessor of the wand must capture it from its previous owner, if he is to be truly master of it” (412). Because Harry has not always paid close attention in History of Magic, we don’t know the exact path the Elder Wand took to reach Harry Potter, but we do know who some of its owners were:
- Gregorovitch, the wand-maker who fashioned Viktor Krum’s wand owned it some time before 1945. Gregorovitch was killed by Voldemort when he was searching for the Elder Wand (280).
- Grindelwald took the wand from Gregorovitch, though Gregorovitch didn’t know who took it at the time (282).
- Dumbledore won the wand from Grindelwald upon defeating the dark wizard in 1945.
- Draco Malfoy technically took the wand from Dumbledore on the top of the tower right before Snape killed Dumbledore, but no one really paid attention to this small detail at the time. The wand was buried with Dumbledore.
- Voldemort took the wand out of Dumbledore’s crypt.
- Harry wins the wand from Voldemort upon defeating Draco Malfoy, but no one realizes it because they all forgot about the small detail (see above), but chooses not to use it (749).
In DH, the fact that Voldemort did not truly master the Elder Wand is attributed to the fact that he never truly defeated the previous owner (Draco Malfoy) in order to obtain it (he didn’t know he had to, or he surely would have killed Draco). Once he realizes his predicament, he has Nagini kill Snape, thinking that because Snape killed Dumbledore, Snape must be the master of the Elder Wand. However, now JKR has also added the detail that no wizard who is not capable of facing death can truly master the Elder Wand. Whether Gregorovitch or Grindelwald were truly capable of facing death is unknown, but it can certainly be inferred that Grindelwald was, as he truly mastered the wand. We know from many of Dumbledore’s discussions with Harry that Dumbledore himself was capable of facing death, so we can also infer that he truly mastered the Elder Wand.
Was Draco Malfoy capable of facing death? He certainly stood up to the most powerful wizard of the age and threatened him with death, but could he have made the same choice Harry did to walk into the woods knowing he would die? Does the Elder Wand demand that level of commitment from its master? Again, we don’t know for sure, but all characterization of Draco from the very beginning of the series describes him as the sort of person who would be incapable of the kind of bravery Harry showed in facing death. Voldemort not only did not obtain the wand by defeating its master, but he also, as JKR has told us time and again, was incapable of facing death. He created seven Horcruxes to prevent his death. Even his dying bit of soul, glimpsed by Harry in King’s Cross, was cowering and whimpering in fear of what lay beyond in the next realm. Therefore, even if he had been able to successfully obtain the Elder Wand from its previous owner, he would never have been able to master it.
Harry could probably have mastered the wand, but he recognized it as an instrument of evil and preferred to end its destructive history by putting the wand back in Dumbledore’s grave and dying a natural death, breaking the wand’s power (749). As the story said, “[Death] pretended to congratulate the three brothers upon their magic” when he offered them prizes, counting on the folly of human nature. He believed they would request prizes that he could use to accomplish his own ends — their deaths. And indeed, the Elder Wand in particular brought Death his fair share of “prizes.” Antioch Peverell, described as “combative,” died a week after obtaining the wand. Only Ignotus Peverell, wisest of the three, mistrusted death and asked for a prize that would actually protect him from death. Again, this motif is also common in fairy tales — the character is allowed a boon that turns out to be his undoing. Harry masters all three of the Deathly Hallows by the end of DH, but he drops the Resurrection Stone where he hopes it will never be found and chooses not to use the Elder Wand, thus ensuring that no wizard will truly ever conquer Death. The fact that Harry makes this choice makes him a true descendant of Ignotus Peverell, who “attained a great age” and “finally took off the Cloak of Invisibility and gave it to his son. And then he greeted Death as an old friend, and went with him gladly, and, equals, they departed this life” (409).
I can very well imagine Harry’s death will be much the same, for the true master of Death is not he would would conquer Death, but he would embrace it when it was his time to die.
Reference:
Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. New York: Scholastic, 2007.
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